australian guidelines for the prevention and control of infection in healthcare hand hygiene

Australian Healthcare Hand Hygiene: Prevent & Control Infections

By Daniel JohnsonMay 5, 2026

Australian Guidelines for Hand Hygiene in Healthcare: Prevention and Control of Infection

The Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare, released by the Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC), emphasize the critical role of hand hygiene in reducing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This comprehensive guide provides evidence-based recommendations to ensure effective hand hygiene practices in healthcare settings.

Understanding the Importance of Hand Hygiene

Hand hygiene is the most important measure to prevent healthcare-associated infections. It reduces the risk of cross-transmission of microorganisms between healthcare workers, patients, and the environment. The guidelines highlight that hand hygiene should be performed at five key moments: before touching a patient, before performing a clean procedure, after exposure to body fluids, after touching a patient, and after touching the patient's surroundings.

Hand Hygiene Techniques

The guidelines recommend two hand hygiene techniques: alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) and soap and water handwashing. ABHR is preferred in most situations due to its rapid onset of action, broad-spectrum activity, and reduced potential for skin irritation. Soap and water handwashing is indicated when hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with microorganisms that are not effectively inactivated by ABHR, such as Clostridium difficile or norovirus.

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Alcohol-Based Hand Rub

ABHR should be applied to all surfaces of the hands and rubbed until dry. The guidelines recommend using ABHR containing at least 60% alcohol (v/v) to ensure optimal antimicrobial activity. ABHR should be available at the point of care and used consistently by healthcare workers.

Soap and Water Handwashing

When soap and water handwashing is indicated, plain or antimicrobial soap can be used. Hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 15-30 seconds, ensuring that all surfaces of the hands are lathered and rinsed thoroughly. Drying hands with a clean towel or air dryer is also crucial to prevent the spread of microorganisms.

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Hand Hygiene Products and Accessories

The guidelines provide recommendations for the selection and use of hand hygiene products and accessories. ABHR should be stored in closed containers to prevent contamination and evaporation. Soap dispensers should be refilled regularly to maintain a consistent soap supply. Hand towels or air dryers should be provided to ensure hands are dried thoroughly after washing.

Education and Training

Effective hand hygiene requires consistent education and training of healthcare workers. The guidelines recommend that hand hygiene education should be provided during orientation and ongoing training programs. Simulation training and observation of hand hygiene performance can enhance learning and reinforce best practices.

Monitoring and Auditing Hand Hygiene Compliance

Monitoring and auditing hand hygiene compliance is essential to ensure consistent hand hygiene practices. The guidelines recommend using direct observation, video surveillance, or electronic monitoring systems to assess hand hygiene compliance. Regular feedback and targeted interventions should be provided to healthcare workers to improve hand hygiene compliance.

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Conclusion and Future Directions

The Australian Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Infection in Healthcare provide clear and concise recommendations for hand hygiene in healthcare settings. By adhering to these guidelines, healthcare workers can significantly reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections and improve patient safety. As new evidence emerges, the guidelines will be updated to ensure they remain relevant and effective in preventing and controlling infection in healthcare.